Note: If the dictionary or encyclopedia arranges articles alphabetically, you may omit volume and page numbers. "Title of Article." Title of Encyclopedia.
Encyclopedia & Dictionary Format:Īuthor's last name, first name. The Oxford Book of American Literacy Anecdotes. The Creators: A History of the Heroes of the Imagination. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1974.īoorstin, Daniel J. City of publication: Publishing company, publication date.Īllen, Thomas B. Format Examples Books Format:Īuthor's last name, first name. Also use quotation marks for titles of unpublished works and songs. Use quotation marks to indicate the titles of short works appearing within larger works (e.g., "Memories of Childhood." American Short Stories). Include other kinds of punctuation only if it is part of the title. Use a colon and a space to separate a title from a subtitle. Separate author, title, and publication information with a period followed by one space. Whenever possible, use the appropriate abbreviated forms for the publisher's name ( Random instead of Random House). for editor) except when these designations follow a period. Use lowercase abbreviations to identify the parts of a work (e.g., vol. The MLA guidelines specify using title case capitalization - capitalize the first words, the last words, and all principal words, including those that follow hyphens in compound terms. Capitalization, Abbreviation, and Punctuation Hanging IndentationĪll MLA citations should use hanging indents, that is, the first line of an entry should be flush left, and the second and subsequent lines should be indented 1/2". Always check with your instructor regarding their preference of using italics or underlining. But, if you use a computer, then publication names should be in italics as they are below. If you write a bibliography by hand, you should still underline the names of publications. When reports were written on typewriters, the names of publications were underlined because most typewriters had no way to print italics. With the month-day-year style, be sure to add a comma after the year unless another punctuation mark goes there. Use either the day-month-year style (22 July 1999) or the month-day-year style (July 22, 1999) and be consistent.
Alphabetize the entries in your list by the author's last name, using the letter-by-letter system (ignore spaces and other punctuation.) If the author's name is unknown, alphabetize by the title, ignoring any A, An, or The.įor dates, spell out the names of months in the text of your paper, but abbreviate them in the list of works cited, except for May, June, and July. Your list of works cited should begin at the end of the paper on a new page with the centered title, Works Cited. For more information on the MLA format, see MLA Style Center. In-Text Citations: An Overview from the MLA Style Center.Below are standard formats and examples for basic bibliographic information recommended by the Modern Language Association (MLA).MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics from the Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue.If author name or title is used within the text, do NOT list it again within parenthesis. Haggerty notes magnesium is effective at relieving some symptoms of PMS (42).Direct quotes longer than 4 lines are indented an extra 1/2 inch, the quotation marks are removed, and the parenthetical comes AFTER punctuation.For most citations, the parenthetical reference is placed BEFORE the punctuation: Magnesium can be effective in treating PMS (Haggerty 42).
Mla formatter pdf#
This often means examining the pdf version of database articles to locate page numbers.
MLA tells us that, in-text citations are brief references within the body of your paper that direct readers to the works-cited-list entries for the sources you consulted and, where relevant, to the location in the source being cited.
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